What it is
Plaque is a soft, sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth every day. Within days it can harden into tartar, which clings along the gum line and gives bacteria a sheltered place to grow. The gums react with inflammation, and over time the pocket between gum and tooth deepens, the ligament and bone that anchor the tooth break down, and the tooth loosens.
Gum disease builds up with age, and small dogs with crowded teeth, as well as dogs whose teeth sit unevenly, collect tartar more easily.
Dogs hide mouth pain well, so a dog may keep eating even while its mouth hurts, and the pain can make it grumpy or less playful. Regular tooth brushing and a look into the mouth when you groom your dog help you spot changes early.
Signs you may notice
- Bad breath
- Yellow or brown tartar on teeth
- Red or bleeding gums
- Chews on one side
- Drops food while eating
- Paws at the mouth
You may notice bad breath, yellow or brown deposits on the teeth, and red or bleeding gums. The dog may chew on one side, drop food, avoid harder bites or paw at its muzzle.
When to see a vet
Book a visit if you see tartar, red gums or a loose tooth, or notice bad breath, and sooner if the dog stops eating, its face swells or chewing clearly hurts.
This is general information, not veterinary advice. For your own dog's health, tests and treatment, see a vet.