What it is
The spinal cord carries messages between the brain and the legs, and its nerve fibres are wrapped in a protective sheath of myelin. In degenerative myelopathy these fibres and their sheath slowly break down, starting in the part of the cord that serves the hind legs. Because the damage is not painful, the dog does not seem to suffer, but it gradually loses track of where its back paws are.
The disease is linked to an inherited change and appears in older dogs. It moves forward slowly, over months, and in time it can reach the front legs too.
At home, small changes help your dog keep moving with confidence: rugs or runners on slippery floors, a harness with a handle for steps, and short, regular walks rather than long outings. Check the tops of the back paws for scuffs, and protect them with boots if the nails are wearing down.
Signs you may notice
- Back paws scuff the ground
- Wobbles when turning
- Struggles to get up
- Back legs cross over
- Worn nails on the back paws
- Hind end sways when walking
The first sign can be quite ordinary: the hind paws scuff their nails on the pavement, the dog wobbles when turning, or has more trouble getting up. Over time the hind legs grow steadily weaker.
When to see a vet
Book a visit as soon as you notice scuffing paws, a wobbly back end or trouble getting up, so the vet can find out what is behind it. If your dog suddenly cannot stand or seems to be in pain, see a vet immediately.
This is general information, not veterinary advice. For your own dog's health, tests and treatment, see a vet.