FAQ: Supplies for dogs

Excess weight raises the risk of joint, heart and breathing problems and diabetes, and can shorten a dog's life. The most common causes are oversized portions and treats, so weigh the food and count treat calories in the daily allowance.

A healthy adult dog is usually recommended a check-up at least once a year, puppies and seniors more often. At a routine visit vaccinations are given and the teeth, skin and heart are checked and the weight discussed.

A dog eating a complete food usually doesn't need extra vitamins, and an excess of some vitamins can be harmful. Give supplements only after talking to a vet and for a specific reason.

Look for red skin, itching, hair loss or chafing where the product touches the body. Stop using it, and if the signs don't go away within a few days or get worse, see a vet.

Check that the manufacturer or distributor, the ingredients or materials and the instructions are stated. Avoid products with small parts that come off easily, sharp edges or a strong chemical smell, especially toys and bowls.

Phthalates or other unwanted substances are sometimes found in cheap plastic or rubber toys. Choose toys with clear manufacturer information and no strong smell, and throw away any that crumble or peel.

After surgery a dog usually needs a protective cone or a recovery suit so it doesn't lick the wound, a quiet, low bed and, if needed, a ramp. Your vet will give exact aftercare instructions.

A suit is more comfortable and doesn't get in the way of eating or sleeping, but only works when the wound is on the body. Wounds on the head, legs or tail usually need a cone; your vet will advise on the best option.

Occasional paw licking is normal, but constant licking can indicate an allergy, skin inflammation, parasites, pain or boredom. Check for foreign objects between the pads, and if the licking continues, see a vet.

Yes, if a buckle or clip breaks and the dog runs into the road, or if a narrow, stiff collar chafes the skin. Choose sturdy metal clips, smooth stitching and a width that suits your dog's size, and check regularly for wear.

Common signs are itching, red skin, paw licking, recurring ear infections or digestive upsets. Allergies can be caused by food, pollen, dust mites or fleas, so the cause needs to be found by a vet.

Puppies need more energy and the right calcium-to-phosphorus ratio for growth, adults need energy for maintenance, and seniors often do better on a lower-calorie, more digestible food. Look on the pack for the age and size the food is meant for.

Dry food is easier to store and usually cheaper per kilogram, while wet food is tastier and contains more water. Both are fine if the pack says the food is complete, and many owners combine them.

On food, look for the word ‘complete’, the stated age and size, the ingredients and the feeding table. For grooming products, what they are for, how to use them and any precautions matter; products without clear information are best avoided.

Most adult dogs go out at least 2–3 times a day, puppies more often. Overall exercise needs depend on breed, age and health: working breeds need much more activity and stimulation.

Some essential oils, such as tea tree oil, can be toxic to dogs, especially on the skin or if swallowed. Don't spray them on the dog or its bed, and use a diffuser only in a well-ventilated room the dog can leave.

Sticks can splinter and injure the mouth, throat or stomach, especially if the dog catches them or runs while carrying them. Rubber or rope fetch toys are a safer choice.

Safe all-round gifts are a puzzle, a durable toy, a treat set or a snuffle mat. Give a bed, clothes or a harness only if you know the dog's measurements, and food only if it is what the dog already eats, to avoid digestive problems.

Choose durable products you will use for a long time, larger packs with less plastic, biodegradable bags and toys made from natural materials. Repair broken items where possible, and donate usable ones to a shelter.

Most shelters gladly accept unopened food, treats, blankets, towels, leashes and toys. Call before you go and ask what they need most, as needs change.