What it is
Each disc between the vertebrae has a tough outer ring and a soft, jelly-like centre. With age the centre can dry out and harden, and then the disc can bulge slowly or burst suddenly, pushing material into the spinal canal, where it presses on the spinal cord. How much the dog is affected depends on where in the spine this happens and how hard the cord is squeezed: anything from a sore neck or back to legs that no longer work.
Discs can wear with age in any dog, but in dogs with short legs and long backs they can harden early, while the dog is still young.
Day to day, look after the back: keep your dog lean, use a ramp instead of jumps on and off sofas and beds, lift your dog with one hand under the chest and one under the hindquarters, and choose a harness over a collar. Non-slip rugs on smooth floors help too.
Signs you may notice
- Reluctant to move or jump
- Hunched back or stiff neck
- Yelps when touched or lifted
- Trembling
- Wobbly or crossing legs
- Dragging legs or losing bladder control
The dog may be reluctant to move, climb stairs or jump, walk hunched over, tremble, yelp when picked up, or start to stumble. If the dog can't stand up, drags their legs or loses bladder control, see a vet immediately.
When to see a vet
If your dog can't stand, drags its legs or loses bladder control, a vet is needed immediately. Signs of back or neck pain, such as yelping, a hunched back or reluctance to jump, are worth showing to a vet the same day.
This is general information, not veterinary advice. For your own dog's health, tests and treatment, see a vet.