What it is
The brain floats in clear fluid that cushions it and carries away waste. This fluid is made all the time inside small chambers in the brain and normally drains away at the same pace. When its path is narrowed or blocked, or it is not absorbed properly, the chambers widen and press the brain tissue against the skull.
The inborn form is linked to small size and a dome-shaped skull, and the bones of the skull may not close fully, leaving a soft spot on top of the head. The acquired form can follow inflammation, a head injury or a tumour at any age.
An affected dog may need a calm, predictable home, patient and gentle training, and protection from knocks to the head, especially where there is a soft spot. How much the condition touches daily life differs from dog to dog, so your vet keeps an eye on any change.
Signs you may notice
- Large, dome-shaped head
- Eyes pointing down and outwards
- Drowsy or dull
- Walks in circles
- Unsteady on its feet
- Slow to learn
A puppy may have an unusually large, dome-shaped head and eyes that point down and outwards, and may be drowsy, slow to learn, walk in circles or move unsteadily. Some dogs have seizures or problems with their sight.
When to see a vet
Book a visit if a puppy's head looks unusually large or domed, or it seems dull or unsteady. If the dog has a seizure, suddenly becomes very dull or cannot stand, it needs a vet immediately.
This is general information, not veterinary advice. For your own dog's health, tests and treatment, see a vet.